Operators in C Programming
Arithmetic Operators
Most C programs perform calculations using the C arithmetic operators. Note the use of various special symbols not used in algebra.
| C Operation | Arithmetic Operator | Algebraic Expression | C Expression |
| Addition | + | a + 10 | a + 10 |
| Subtraction | - | k - p | k - p |
| Multiplication | * | bm | b * m |
| Division | / | x/y or x:y | x / y |
| Remainder | % | r mod h | r % h |
Precedence of Arithmetic Operators
The rules of operator precedence specify the order C uses to evaluate expressions.
| Operator(s) | Operation(s) | Order of evaluation (precedence) |
| () | Parentheses | Evaluated first. If the parentheses are nested, the expression in the innermost pair is evaluated first. If there are several pairs of parentheses "on the same level", they are evaluated left to right. |
| * | Multiplication | Evaluated Second. Left to right if there are several. |
| / | Division | |
| % | Remainder | |
| + | Addition | Evaluated Third. Left to right if there are several. |
| - | Subtraction | |
| = | Assigment | Evaluated last. |
Equality and Relational Operators
| Algebraic equality or relational operator | C equality or relational operator | Example of C condition | Meaning of C condition |
| Equality operators | |||
| = | == | a == b | a is equal to b |
≠ |
!= | a != b | a is not equal to y |
| Relational Operators | |||
| < | < | a < | x is less than y |
| > | > | a > b | a is greater than b |
| ≥ | >== | a >== b | a is greater than or equal to b |
| ≤ | <== | a <== b | a is less than or equal to b |
Logical Operators
| Operator | Meaning of Operator | Example |
| && | Logial AND | If c=5 and d=2 then,((c==5) && (d>5)) returns false. |
| || | Logical OR | If c=5 and d=2 then, ((c==5) || (d>5)) returns true. |
| ! | Logical NOT | If c=5 then, !(c==5) returns false. |
Bitwise Operators
| Operators | Meaning of operators |
| & | Bitwise AND |
| | | Bitwise OR |
| ^ | Bitwise exclusive OR |
| ~ | Bitwise complement |
| << | Shift left |
| >> | Shift right |
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